Triphala is a popular Ayurvedic herbal formulation. It is composed of dried fruits of Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellirica and Phyllantus emblica. Triphala is rich in polyphenolic constituents. It is widely used in traditional systems of medicine including Ayurveda for various health benefits. Triphala is extensively studied to support its traditional claims and has been documented for antibacterial, cardioprotective, anticancer, immunomodulatory, neuropsychological, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, anti-obesity and laxative properties. These effects are mainly attributed to the presence of polyphenolic constituents in the Triphala. This chapter mainly emphasizes the phytochemistry of Triphala and its health benefits by virtue of polyphenolic constituents. © 2022 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc.All rights reserved.