Cancer is a key source of deaths and accounted for 19.3 million new cases and 0.01 billion deaths in 2020 worldwide. Cancer is a disease in which abnormal cells grow, spreading uncontrolled manner to other normal cells and body parts. If the spread is not controlled, it can result into death. Nanomedicine is a branch of nanotechnology with micro size (<1 μm) modules, utilized to diagnose, observe, treat, and manage of biological system. They contain nanocarrier system with size and shape at nanoscale. This system contains nanoparticles, liposomes, nanofiber, nanoshells, micelles, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, etc. These nanomedicines are used for anticancer drug delivery as they can specifically target and treat tumor cells. The formulation structures of this system protect drug degradation and improve stability and efficiency. This review article will focus on introduction of cancer, in detail types of nanomaterials used in cancer treatment and future scope of nanomedicines. © 2023 Scrivener Publishing LLC.