MIT-World Peace University (MIT-WPU) is a top educational institute located in Pune, India. It is recognized within&nbsp;UGC under Government of Maharashtra Act No. XXXV 2017.&nbsp;

It is part of the MIT group of institutions (established in 1983) which covers 10+ campuses across India and has more than 50,000+ students enrolled across various disciplines at a given point of time. The institute houses 15 schools ranging from Engineering &amp; Technology, Design, Pharmacy, Commerce, Governance among others. It offers undergraduate, postgraduate and PhD programs among different disciplines.&nbsp;

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MIT World Peace University

Engineering and Technology

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School of Mechanical Engineering

Materials Today: Proceedings

Heat transfer augmentation in shell and tube heat exchangers using copper oxide nanofluid with modified geometry: A numerical investigation

Many researchers have looked at heat transfer improvement methods utilizing circular dimpled pipes, surfaces, and other methods in the past. The size and position of dimples, for example, have a major influence on the pipe's flow and thermal properties. Five internally dimpled pipe configurations were analyzed in this computational research. The flow was simulated using ANSYS Fluent 16, with water as the working fluid and steel pipes with internal dimples. The effect of dimple number and diameter on flow and thermal parameters was studied with the five different internal dimple configurations and compared them with plain tube heat exchanger thermal performance under similar conditions. Internal dimples (inside protrusions in tube heat exchanger) resulted in a larger pressure drop in the path of flow from entry to exit. It was discovered that dimples increased the pipe heat exchanger's heat transfer coefficient when compared to the plain tube heat exchanger. A higher pressure loss than plain pipe heat exchangers (HE) was found although the thermal performance was more than that for a plain pipe. The Reynolds number of flows was changed as a result of the pressure drop. When the Reynolds number was lower, the friction factor was found to be higher, resulting in increased heat exchange in the experiment. The results of the numerical analysis for the tube HE with dimples indicate that dimples help mixing of flow in the tube HE and a growth of thermal boundary layer which enhance heat between the hot fluid and cold fluid through the tube HE wall. © 2022

Heat gain in an internally dimpled tube heat exchanger - a numerical investigation

Weight of reciprocating components in the design of a reciprocating compressor plays an important role. The reciprocating masses such as piston, piston rod, connecting rod, crosshead, etc in a reciprocating compressor results in inertia load on the compressor. The inertia load along with other loads like gas load and total load consumes the power from the electric motor to drive the compressor. To increase the flow, the rpm of the compressor must be increased. But as the rpm increases the inertia load also increases. Excess inertia load leads to failure of the piston rod and ultimately this leads to failure of the reciprocating compressor. Thus inertia load has its significance in the designing of reciprocating compressors. The aim of the research is to reduce the weight of the piston in a system of reciprocating masses and to study its effect on the power consumption, flow enhancement from the compressor and to analyze the piston assembly for safe design. The compressor under study is Kirloskar Pneumatic reciprocating air compressor. Weight reduction is achieved by changing the material of the piston from Al alloy to AZ91. Changing of the material resulted in a 20% reduction in power requirement during unloading condition. The flow of the compressor is increased by 9%. The piston assembly was modeled on Autodesk Inventor 2018 and analyzed in Ansys Workbench 19.0. Analysis of the piston made from Al alloy and AZ91 was done. The stresses induced in the piston were below the yield strength. Thus the piston was safe in design. Reduction in power requirement leads to reduction in operating cost of the compressor. More flow from the compressor gives it an added advantage for the compressors to be used for a broad range of applications with the same design. © 2023

Reduction in power requirement and flow enhancement by reducing the inertia masses of reciprocating air compressor

The duty of detecting pavement cracks is crucial for ensuring traffic safety. The process of manually detecting cracks takes a long time. To accelerate this process, an autonomous road fracture identification technology is necessary. However, because of the intensity inhomogeneity of cracks and the intricacy of the background, such as poor contrast with neighbouring pavements and probable shadows of similar intensity, it remains a difficult work. Recent breakthroughs in deep learning in computer vision have inspired us, so we will be using the most accurate method that involves deep learning to identify the gap in the pavement. In this research paper, we have compared various object detection techniques such as aYOLO v5 and Single Shot Detector(SSD) and come to a conclusion that SSD is most suitable for our purpose. It will also help for road safety purposes. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

School of Computer Engineering & Technology

Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems

Comparison Between YOLOv5 and SSD for Pavement Crack Detection

In the 1960 s, Fuller introduced Tensegrity structures having astonishing appearance. Owing to their light weight and deployability, this form was mainly employed in building deployable space structures, controllable structures, tensegrity robots and few civil engineering structures like towers, large dome structures, stadium roofs, temporary structures and tents. Principally owing to its inherently high flexibility, tensegrity structures have been scarcely employed in civil engineering construction. Current work attempts to design 220 kV Transmission Tower using tensegrity form. Geometry, loading and design details of this tower in traditional form are available in the literature. In the current work, tensegrity form has been employed to replace traditional tower structure. The geometric configurations for tensegrity towers are obtained by Force Density Method through MATLAB programming (by varying parameters like number of layers, height of layer, overlap between layers). The obtained configuration with prestresses is then modelled using commercially available software SAP2000 (ver. 23.3.1) and analysed for pertinent load combinations. To bring the top displacement of tensegrity tower in conformity with code stipulations, tie cables were employed to the tensegrity tower. From the present work, it is evident that usage of tensegrity form to construct transmission tower results in significant reduction of base area with marginal reduction in mass when compared to traditional towers and possibility of incorporating deployability. © 2022

School of Civil Engineering

Non-linear geometric analysis of multilayer tensegrity tower

The present work aims to evaluate the effect of various surface coatings of titanium dental implants by varying the friction coefficient (µ) at the interface between the dental implant and jawbone using finite element analysis (FEA) methods and to provide a comparative analysis between the various surface coatings and implant designs. An accurate model of the dental implant prosthetics consisting of the hard (cortical) and the soft (cancellous) bone, with the various titanium dental implant designs was modelled using a 3D CAD software, and the FE mesh model was generated using HyperMesh 13.0. Three coatings having different coefficient of friction values were selected: Titanium Nitride (TiN) with a friction coefficient of 0.19, Titanium Oxide (TiO2) with a friction coefficient of 0.30 and Zirconium Nitride (ZrN) with a coefficient of friction of 0.49. The non-linear static stress analysis was conducted under three different loading conditions (vertical, lateral and oblique loading) using a CAE solver. The present study showed that surface coatings with high friction coefficients generated lower stresses in the cancellous bone while generating higher stresses in the cortical bone. However, for dental implants having microthreads in their neck region, surface coatings with a high coefficient of friction generated lower stresses at the interface between the cortical bone and the implant. The FEA results indicate that selecting suitable surface coatings would significantly decrease the stresses developed at the bone-implant interface, and future studies should conduct in vivo trials to validate the FEA results obtained. © IMechE 2023.

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine

Influence of surface coatings on the stress distribution by varying friction contact at implant-bone interface using finite element analysis

To manufacture physical object some kinds of materials are required. Many times, lot of materials are available that satisfy the objective, in such cases material selection become very important. Material selection is however, thought-provoking and monotonous this is because of the complex connection between various conflicting decision criteria for choosing alternating material. Generally, the main objectives for material selection are cost and improvement in performance, however criteria like weight reduction, biocompatibility improvement, failure, corrosion performance are also inspirations for legitimate material choice. For instance, in the aviation industry weight reduction is main focus. If improper material used for any application, then it might lead to manufacturer and customer unsatisfaction. It can likewise lead to assembly failure as well as badly effects performance of a product, consequently productivity and profitability influenced badly and damage organization reputation. To take care of the issue of material selection, distinctive strategy has been utilized and one of the well-known techniques that have been applied is the Weighted Sum Model technique for the titanium and their alloys utilized in biomedical usage. It was observed that weighted sum model can be used to identify the ideally best Titanium alloy for biomedical applications. As a result of the findings, it has been determined that Ti-35.3Nb-7.1Zr-5.1Ta material is greatest all-rounder for biological applications. It was observed that the developed methodology can be applied to various different applications in along with material selection. © 2022

Titanium alloy selection for biomedical application using weighted sum model methodology

Magnesium is a biodegradable metal that has potential in orthopaedics. It has several advantages over other metallic materials because it is biocompatible and degradable now being used for biomedical applications, including elimination of stress shielding effects, enhancing degradation properties and enhancing biocompatibility concern in vivo, eliminating the second surgery for implant removal. Bioabsorbable magnesium (Mg) and related alloys have been limited in their usage because of its lower corrosion resistance. Surface alteration and functionality, in addition to basic alloying, is an important technique to deal with Mg and its alloys' reduced corrosion resistance. Magnesium's rapid depreciation however is a double-edged sword because it's critical to match bone renewal to material corrosion. As a result, calcium phosphate coatings have been proposed as a way to slow down corrosion. There are various possible calcium phosphate phases and their coating methods and can give a few distinct properties to various applications. Despite magnesium's lower melting point and greater reactivity, calcium phosphate coatings require precise settings to be effective. Because of their toxicity, non-biodegradability, and much higher cost, the recently used inorganic conversion coatings are less appealing and their application is limited. Conversion coatings are a viable alternative technology that is based on a cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and biodegradable organic component. Surface chelating functional groups in these compounds allow them to link with the magnesium/surface hydroxide layer while also providing anchoring groups for the polymer topcoat. Nanoreservoirs with multilayer inhibitors for active self-healing corrosion resistance thrive in this environment. This study examines the organic conversion coatings for Mg and its alloys in depth.

3C EMPRESA

METAL OXIDE COATING ON BIODEGRADABLE MAGNESIUM ALLOYS

An exoskeleton is a mechanism that works as an external skeleton to assist the human body in daily tasks, rehabilitation, and strengthening. A lot of active exoskeletons have been developed in order to provide assistance to the human body while walking or running. However, developing an unpowered exoskeleton can reduce the human efforts while running is something that requires more attention. The goal is to create a lower limb assistive exoskeleton that will allow people to run while spending as little energy as possible and which is affordable and can be worn easily. The design is entirely mechanical (passive), which means it does not rely on any external electrical energy inputs. This article discusses the design and testing of waist supportive passive exoskeleton for human comfort. Exoskeleton was designed by using silicon-chromium spring steel for manufacturing of leaf spring. The leaf spring was with 50 mm width and 1 mm thick. Total weight of the exoskeleton was 1.5 kg. The stiffness of leaf spring was 56.19 Nm/rad. It has been observed that the proposed design is more comfortable to human beings while running. Composite Materials can be used for manufacturing of various parts of the passive exoskeleton to reduce its overall weight and enhance Mechanical Properties. © 2022

Experimental investigations on waist supportive passive exoskeleton to improve human comfort

Sugarcane is the prime crop of Indian agricultural market. Sugarcane resembles 80% of sugar made all across the globe. The process of harvesting of sugarcane becomes easier with the help of machines. Still there are some processes in agriculture that require special care while atomizing. Like sowing a sugarcane crop seed. This sowing of seed required careful cutting of sugarcane stalk. There are semiautomatic machines now days available for this purpose, but these machines are indirectly damaging the bud of sugarcane. To avoid this happening the design of new semiautomatic machine is presented in this research paper. The machine is designed not to harm the bud of sugarcane without compromising on its efficiency. The model cuts one bud per two second. This matches with the current machines in market with decrease in cost. This machine costs 20,360 INR. Where market survey gives cost of 40,000 INR for similar machine. Fabricated machine gives 1800 number of buds in an hour. Satisfying the performance criteria. This machine reduces the labor work of farmers which better safety at reasonable price. © 2022