MIT-World Peace University (MIT-WPU) is a top educational institute located in Pune, India. It is recognized within&nbsp;UGC under Government of Maharashtra Act No. XXXV 2017.&nbsp;

It is part of the MIT group of institutions (established in 1983) which covers 10+ campuses across India and has more than 50,000+ students enrolled across various disciplines at a given point of time. The institute houses 15 schools ranging from Engineering &amp; Technology, Design, Pharmacy, Commerce, Governance among others. It offers undergraduate, postgraduate and PhD programs among different disciplines.&nbsp;

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MIT World Peace University

Engineering and Technology

Hand gestures are observed as an effective tool for making the interaction in the community with individuals having intellectual disabilities. It is highly essential for communicating the computers and people. Therefore, it is aimed to design an automatic hand gesture recognition approach that is utilized for repeatedly performing human-computer interaction. Sign languages are considered the natural languages utilized by hearing-impaired people that involve some expressional way of communication in routine life. It reveals the sentences, words, and letters present in the spoken language for performing the gesticulations that enable communication between them. The deaf community makes communicates with normal people using an automation system that relates the signs with the words of speech. The hand gesture recognition system is implemented independently of requiring any unique hardware rather than using the webcam. Thus, it is highly significant to make a short review of hand gesture recognition based on deep learning techniques considering the Indian sign language. Hence, this paper discusses and clarifies existing research work based on hand gesture recognition in Indian sign language with algorithmic classification. This survey also compares different performance measures, datasets utilized, and also different tools used for the implementation. Then, upcoming research and also current research gaps in hand gesture recognition in Indian sign language are analyzed. This review on state-of-the-art hand gesture recognition for Indian sign language tools has shown their potential for providing the right solution in different real-life situations. It is hoped that the contents and illustrations in this paper assist researchers in laying a good foundation to inform their studies. © 2023 IEEE.

World University root node

School of Electronics & Communication Engineering

Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Applied Artificial Intelligence and Computing, ICAAIC 2023

Review and Trends on Hand Gesture Recognition of Sign Language based on Deep Learning Approaches

World is surrounded with key buzz emerging from technological use by common man. Technology lends a hand to achieve the fitness by providing assistance. Walking is predominantly and usually preferred exercise by mass. Walking pattern analysis or gait analysis expands the probable zone for researcher to contribute in gaining and maintaining fitness for common people. There are number of parameters influencing walking pattern of the person. The motive of this study is to verify the relation among various spatiotemporal parameters used in gait analysis. Paper tests and comments on correlation among selected spatiotemporal parameters on the basis of analysis performed on 50 healthy participants from Pune, India. Contributing participants are in the age group of 20–75 years combining male and female members. GAITRite Walkway is used to perform recording of the gait pattern. Pearson’s correlation coefficient is used for the testing the correlation within two selected parameters. The correlation coefficient varies within range of −1 to +1, indicating positive, negative, or no correlation. Correlation results are verified through application of them in classification of subjects in two age groups. Support vector machine, logistic regression, and K-nearest neighbor machine learning approaches are tested. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

School of Computer Engineering & Technology

Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems

Perceiving Correlation Among Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters and Verifying Its Relation Using Machine Learning Classification Technique Pilot Study for Indian Population

Cosmology is the study of the universe comprising stars and galaxies. Advancement in the telescope has made it possible to capture high -resolution images, which can be analysed using machine learning (ML) algorithms. This paper classifies the star galaxy dataset into two classes: star and galaxy using ML algorithms and compares their classification performance. It is observed that random forest provides better accuracy of 78\% as compared to other ML classifiers. Further to improve the classification accuracy, we proposed a CNN (Convolution Neural Network) model and achieved an accuracy of 92.44\%. Since the CNN model itself extracts the characteristics, it exhibits superior classification accuracy.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND SECURITY

STAR-GALAXY CLASSIFICATION USING MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS AND DEEP LEARNING

The heat transfer equipments with higher heat transfer ability are needed in several industrial applications. With conventional methods, size of the device increases and it becomes bulky. With the use of metal foam, it is possible to attain large ratios of surface to volume. Therefore, using metal foam in heat exchanging devices is crucial. The main reason behind the use of metal foam over conventional method is its weight-saving and impact-absorbing structures. Insertion of metal foam in heat exchangers for various applications can lead to greater effectiveness and heat transfer enhancement. It has been observed that very few researchers have participated in the area of double tube heat exchangers (DTHE) having annular spaces filled with metal foam. The present work deals with numerical and CFD analysis of double tube heat exchanger (DTHE) with metal foam having different pore densities differing from 10 PPI to 50 PPI &amp; performance evaluation of the same by taking hot water stream and cold water stream as working fluids. The modelling was created in Creo &amp; simulation was done with k-omega (2 equation) viscous model in Ansys fluent flow. In the present work, double tube heat exchanger was considered in counter flow mode with inner sided tube (Stainless Steel) ID 9.5 mm &amp; OD 12.7 mm and outer sided tube (Galvanized Iron) ID 28 mm &amp; OD 33.8 mm. For fully developed turbulent flow, total length was considered as 1.5 m. The water streams through inner tube and annular space were flowing at uniform and constant flow rates of 2 lpm and 10 lpm respectively. Hot water and cold water inlet temperatures were taken at 800c &amp; 300c respectively. For the analysis nickel metal foam with 10 PPI to 50 PPI with 0.9 porosity was inserted in the annular spaces of DTHE. For different pore densities comparative analysis was done. It was found that with rise in pore density of metal foam heat transfer rate (HTC) and pressure drop increased for both numerical &amp; mathematical results. CFD simulation results were in good agreement with results obtained from empirical correlations taken from literature. © 2022

School of Mechanical Engineering

Materials Today: Proceedings

Investigations on tube in tube metal foam heat exchanger

The heat transfer can be done more efficiently with various methods. These methods are mostly used to save energy and materials and hence helping to make a financially effective method good enough to keep going long and fill its need. This paper enlists the various sorts of heat transfer enhancement techniques used. In recent times, there has been a considerable amount of research being carried out in the scope of improving the heat transfer. These methods can be broadly classified into three divisions: active, passive, and compound. The practises that require an outer wellspring of force are termed as the active methods, while the ones that don’t need an outer wellspring of force are referred to as the passive methods. The compound methods are the ones that use complex designs which limits their use. The main aim is to deal with the various types of heat transfer techniques and get a desired detailed information about them. The paper goes into the details using ribs in fin and tube heat exchanger to make a more efficient heat transfer. It is observed that for the normal fin and tube heat exchanger the heat enhancement was around 30% which was increased to 34% with the help of eight ribs on each side of fins. There is a slight increase in the heat transfer with an increase in the number of ribs. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

Heat Transfer Enhancement of Fin and Tube Heat Exchanger Using Ribs

Dental implants are getting common these days and have become alternate to orthodox techniques. A dental implant is a surgical component that interfaces with the bone to support a dental prosthetic device such as a crown, bridge, or to act as an orthodontic anchor. The result of any implant process relies on bone density, implant design, and surgical techniques. During surgery to place the dental implant, the oral surgeon makes a cut to open gum and expose the bone. Holes are drilled into the bone, where the dental implant post will be placed. In the dentistry techniques such as conventional drilling, osteotome technique and osseodensification are used to prepare the site for implant. Among these techniques, conventional drilling is widely used. However, it has drawbacks such as longer bone healing periods, lower primary stability, and high heat generation. The main aim of our review is to put forward a detailed description of better and alternative surgical techniques for implant site preparation. A systematic description and categorization of these methods are given along with their benefits. Surgical procedures like osteotome technique (bone condensation) and osseodensification (bone expansion) have been studied for this review. These methods have demonstrated to improve osseointegration which in turn increases the implant stability as well as the healing period. Thus, adopting these methods will significantly improve the stability and quality of the implant. Nevertheless, additional research is needed to study more efficient techniques which will make the process of implant site preparation easier and quicker. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Effect of Various Tools on Bone Condensing to Improve the Stability of Dental Implant

Dental implants act as a bridge between the oral environment and deep core structures of the jaw. The temperature rise leading to heat generation in the course of operation of the dental implants results in thermal injury of the adjoining bone tissue to the implant site resulting into implant failure. Present review is focused on existing research done in the heat generation and its distribution during dental implant drilling. Various factors such as drill speed, drill design, mode of irrigation, depth of drill, drill diameter, drill material that affect osseointegration due to heat generated while drilling, are compared. The motive of this review is to assess the various factors that are responsible for heat generation and their effects on osseointegration during osteotomy. A systematic study reveals that the rise in the temperature at the implant site mainly depends upon the drill speed, drill diameter, depth of drill as well as irrigation used. The purpose of this review is taking these factors into consideration to find out the best possible parameters during implantation to avoid bone necrosis. The temperature during dental implantation ranges from 35 ℃ to 43 ℃ while in some in-vitro studies the temperature increases up to 50 ℃ was observed which is not admissible due to the thermally induced necrosis. © 2022

Heat generation during implant site preparation and its effects on osseointegration: A review

The aim of this paper is to formulate a mathematical model of dental prosthetic using single degree of freedom (SDOF) to assess the micro-displacement under electromagnetic excitation. Using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and values from literature, stiffness and damping values of the mathematical model were estimated. For ensuring the successful implantation of dental implant system, monitoring of primary stability in terms of micro-displacement is crucial. One of the most popular techniques for the measurement of stability is the Frequency Response Analysis (FRA). This technique assesses the resonant frequency of vibration corresponding to the maximum micro-displacement (micro-mobility) of the implant. Among the different FRA techniques, the most common method is the Electromagnetic FRA. The subsequent displacement of the implant in the bone is estimated by equations of vibration. A comparison has been made to observe the variation in resonance frequency and micro-displacement due to varying input frequency ranges of 1–40 Hz. The micro-displacement and corresponding resonance frequency were plotted using MATLAB and the variation in resonance frequency is found to be negligible. The present mathematical model is a preliminary approach to understand the variation of micro-displacement with reference to electromagnetic excitation force and to obtain the resonance frequency. The present study validated the use of input frequency ranges (1–30 Hz) with negligible variation in micro-displacement and corresponding resonance frequency. However, input frequency ranges beyond 31–40 Hz is not recommended due to large variation in micromotion and corresponding resonance frequency. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

A mathematical approach to estimate micro-displacement of a dental implant using electromagnetic Frequency Response Analysis

Background/Purpose: Dental implant fails due to mechanical failure of the implant contribute to about 10-15 % of implant failures. It is necessary to prevent the design failure of the implant since it leads to bone loss which further leads to complications in reimplantation. This makes it important to test the design of a dental implant using FEM and in vitro testing before its application. The purpose of this article is to test the design of a dental implant using in vitro testing by using an artificial bone model and validation of the data using Finite Element Method (FEM). Methods: A dental implant was selected for in vitro testing and 3D FE analysis was conducted to observe the stress values. The in vitro study was done on a custom designed testing rig where the implant was drilled into a ABS and sawbone (polyurethane) bone model. Vertical and lateral loads of 100 N and 40 N respectively, were applied to evaluate the micro-strains using strain gauge technique. 3D FEA technique was used to evaluate stress concentrations and micro-strains in the bone-implant interface. Results: The strain values were found to be higher in the case of lateral loading than vertical loading with in vitro testing. The von-mises stresses on the cortical bone were greater at the bone-implant interface near the neck region of the implant. Conclusions: The results obtained from the in vitro analysis and FEA were found to have a good agreement with an error percentage of 2–5 %. © 2022 IPEM

Medical Engineering and Physics

Strain based in vitro analysis of dental implant using artificial bone model and validation by numerical technique

In recent years, research has focused on developing polymers from agricultural waste, and jackfruit waste has been identified as a potential source. The utilization of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) waste for making value-added polymers is an innovative approach to reduce environmental pollution and create a sustainable environment. The edible part of jackfruit consists of only 40% of the whole fruit while other 60% goes to waste as non-edible part of the fruit. Jackfruit waste in mainly distributed into three parts which are seed, peel and latex respectively. Jackfruit waste is a significant source of cellulose and starch, which can be converted into various high-value products through different chemical and biochemical processes. The resulting value-added polymers have numerous applications in various fields, including packaging, textiles, and biomedical engineering. They exhibit good mechanical properties, thermal stability, and biodegradability, making them a promising alternative to conventional petroleum-based polymers. Considering the large volume of jackfruit production (&gt; 500,000 metric tons pa in six countries), this waste can become feedstock for making new polymeric materials. Circular economy practices along with environmental protection are the need of modern world. This review covers the characterization of different parts of jackfruit waste and its utilization in making lightweight polymer composites. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.