MIT-World Peace University (MIT-WPU) is a top educational institute located in Pune, India. It is recognized within&nbsp;UGC under Government of Maharashtra Act No. XXXV 2017.&nbsp;

It is part of the MIT group of institutions (established in 1983) which covers 10+ campuses across India and has more than 50,000+ students enrolled across various disciplines at a given point of time. The institute houses 15 schools ranging from Engineering &amp; Technology, Design, Pharmacy, Commerce, Governance among others. It offers undergraduate, postgraduate and PhD programs among different disciplines.&nbsp;

&nbsp;

MIT World Peace University

School of Civil Engineering

To research the issues and challenges in construction of hydro tunnel in extreme geological condition in India an attempt has been made to discuss various geotechnical problems encountered during tunnelling in Vishnugad-Pipalkoti HE Project (444MW) which is under construction on Alaknanda River in Distt Chamoli, in the state of Uttarakhand. This Project will generate 444 MW Power by installing four turbines of 111 MW each. The central feature of this project is its 13.5Km long head –race-tunnel with an 8.8m finished diameter. Out of its 13.5 km length,12.3km is to be bored by using a 9.86-meter-diameter double-shield TBM and the remaining 1.2km to be bored with the help of DBM. The present study is to highlight the issues and challenges faced during transportation and installation of the TBM and the universal geological surprises faced by the working team after starting the boring and the remedial measures adopted, therefore. The report also covers the design and analysis of a large-scale adit that was dug in incredibly bad rock conditions, as well as the creative approaches used to build it. © 2023, Central Board of Irrigation and Power. All rights reserved.

World University root node

Engineering and Technology

Water and Energy International

Issues and Challenges in Construction of Hydro Tunnel in Extreme Geological Conditions in India – An Empirical Study

The continuous and significant excavation of subsurface soil and rock for structural backfilling, impacts the environment negatively. The present study attempts on the exploitation of non-biodegradable and hard-to-dispose waste materials (in different capacities) such as fly ash (FA), rock quarry dust (RQD), and refurbished Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottles were used as an alternative for structural backfill and reinforcement. For model testing, two phase novel methodology was proposed (Unreinforced and reinforced FA system). A total of 29 systems were examined, encompassing a broad range of boundary conditions like FA subgrade system, unreinforced FA system (FA&nbsp;+&nbsp;RQD) with varying RQD layer thickness “H”, and reinforced FA system (FA&nbsp;+&nbsp;RQD with PET bottle mattress as an interface between the FA subgrade and the RQD layer). The parameters pertaining to the reinforcement (width “b”) are varied with respect to the constant value of “H”. Loading was applied on isolated footings for both phases. The model testing demonstrates that the performance of footings resting on RQD laid over stabilized FA subgrade with PET bottle mattress as an interface outperforms other systems significantly. Optimum values for boundary conditions were obtained in case of both the systems. It is observed that in case of reinforced FA system with optimum boundary conditions, the bearing capacity was increased by 10&nbsp;% and the RQD layer’s thickness was reduced by 47&nbsp;% as compared to optimum values of an unreinforced FA system. Further, the optimized values of the phases were validated by using PLAXIS 3D software.

Construction and Building Materials

Effect of isolated footing on fly ash subgrade reinforced with PET bottles: An experimental and analytical study

A new wave of digitization is reshaping the construction industry, but it also brings a wealth of new prospects. Building materials manufacturing, planning, design, and construction are all in a supply chain projected to be boosted by artificial intelligence. Along with this, facility management is also expected to benefit from this technology. Choosing the optimal project management solution, particularly for major building projects, is sometimes complicated and fraught with uncertainty. As per the original references, the success and efficiency of project management rely on using three pillars called “Management involvement, ”create and streaming systems,” and “using the tools. Tools and procedures are directly in the knowledge areas of executives and engineers. On the other hand, the other two pillars rely on the outputs of the tools and procedures indirectly. As a result, tools and methods play a critical part in project management’s effective implementation. However, artificial intelligence includes collecting data, induction, and experiment analysis to comprehend human intelligence modeling and non-numerical methods to solve complicated issues. Hence it can be used as a tool in four major fields: Integration Management, Project Procurement Management, Project Risk Management, and Project Communications Management; they can be used in numerous applications.

Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education

Enhancing the Supply Chain Management in Construction using Artificial Intelligence

Rice husk consists of a huge amount of silica when it is burned properly, and cement can be partially replaced by rice husk ash (RHA) to make concrete. In the present experimental research, flexural strength (FS), workability, compressive strength (CS), and indirect split tensile strength (STS) of M30 grade concrete are investigated by partially replacing cement with RHA with an increment of 5%. The influence of the various percentages of RHA as a cement substitution material on the workability, CS, STS, and FS is compared with that of normal M30 grade concrete. The water-cement ratio is 0.55, which is maintained constant. The test results also concluded that the CS, STS, and FS of concrete decreased with an increase in RHA above 15%. The findings of the experimental research show that the optimum percentage of RHA was 15%, at which point the CS, STS, and FS were at their maximum, and any additional RHA addition beyond 15% causes a significant decrease in the CS, STS, and FS, and that it is recommended to replace cement with RHA in the range of 5–15% to achieve an effective and high strength of concrete.1 © 2022

Materials Today: Proceedings

An experimental study on rice husk ash concrete

Construction of steel buildings is increasing very rapidly due to its strength, flexibility, recyclable nature, longer span, no limitation in size of components and more seismic resistance capacity as compared to concrete buildings. A Pre-Engineered Building (PEB) refers to a building which is engineered at a factory as per the specifications, codes and the loads that will be acting on the structure before production of the building components and then finally assembled at site thereby reducing the completion time. The concept of PEB involves predesigning and prefabrication process. The material usage in PEB is optimized by matching the frame geometry with the bending moment diagram's shape, which reduces the overall weight of the structure. In the present study, a review on the analysis and design of PEB structure is presented. The study discusses the various components of the PEB system and provides a detailed step to model PEB structures. From the past studies, it has been found that PEB structures are up to 50% lighter due to the usage of tapered I-sections and cold formed “Z” &amp; “C” sections, approximately 35% cheaper as compared to the conventional steel structures and show reduced lateral and vertical displacements when subjected to the seismic loading and can be constructed in half the time taken for conventional steel buildings (CSB). PEB gives a better output from the architectural point of view with large clear spans &amp; flexibility in future expansion. It has also been found that construction of PEB is more sustainable, environment friendly and economical than CSB.1 © 2022

A state of art review on analysis and design of pre-engineered buildings

One of the most important problems that the world is currently facing in terms of its impact on the environment is figuring out how to properly manage textile effluents. Photocatalysis has been shown to be successful in the removal of intractable chemicals and is regarded as a viable wastewater treatment technology. This work focused on the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine-B (RB) in an aqueous solution, as well as the photocatalytic behavior of niobium pentaoxide (Nb2O5) as a photocatalyst was tested. It is important to note that good photocatalytic efficiency is highly dependent on the operating conditions. There are several process parameters that influence RB photocatalytic degradation, including the amount of photocatalyst (Nb2O5) used, the concentration of RB at the start of the reaction, and the pH of the solution optimized under visible-light irradiation. According to the findings, the conditions in which the greatest amount of RB was degraded were those in which the concentration of the catalyst was 10 mg/l, the dosage of the catalyst was 1 mg/l, and the pH was 11. The results also revealed that after utilizing the catalyst three times in a row, catalyst efficiency was maintained, and the degradation rate was maintained at a greater level. © 2022 The Authors.

School of Chemical Engineering

Aqua Water Infrastructure, Ecosystems and Society

Niobium pentaoxide (Nb2O5) as an efficient photocatalyst for photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine-B

Industrial Flyash (IFA) is a fine powder made from non-combustible materials and a residue of carbon from incomplete combustion. Phosphogypsum (PG) is also a solid by product of phosphoric acid processing, which is employed in a variety of fertilisers and chemicals. Traditional construction material manufacturing processes destroy the earth's vital natural resources. Furthermore, IFA and PG is a solid waste, which is frequently dumped in open spaces. IFA and PG contains natural mineral which can be used as admixture in concrete. It can be used as partial replacement to the cement in the concrete up to certain limit. The experimental findings include compressive strength (CS), flexural strength (FS) and split tensile strength (STS) by partially cement replacement with Industrial IFA and PG employing 0 %, 5 %, 7.5 %, 10 %, 12.5 %, 15 %, and 20 % on M40 grade concrete and water-binder ratios of 0.45. The CS is determined by testing cube specimens for 7 and 28 days, as well as FS and STS is found by testing the beams and cylinders specimens for 7 and 28 days respectively. The optimal proportion shows maximum strength at 15 % IFA and 7.5 % PG respectively. Further increase in percentage, strength of concrete decline marginally. 10 % substitution of cement with IFA + PG (combined 50 % each) used shows the optimal proportion to achieve maximum strength, and further increase in IFA and PG causes a decrease in strength. The addition of IFA and PG increases the amount of water required due to increase in fine particles or a bigger surface area. When compared to the control mix, the workability of concrete with IFA and PG reduces slump value by up to 15 %.4 © 2022

An experimental study on cement concrete with industrial fly ash and Phosphogypsum

International Journal of Performability Engineering

Experimental Investigation of Scouring Around Circular Piers with Different Opening Ratios

A considerable percentage (over 70%) of dwellings across the globe involve masonry elements. Masonry structures are well known to be weak in resisting seismic actions. This paper presents the effectiveness of (near surface mounted) containment reinforcement as earthquake resistant feature for masonry walls. Analytical prediction of the response of unreinforced (UR) and reinforced (R) masonry structures to earthquakes are hindered by the complexity and cost of micro and macro models. Consequently, researchers have come up with simplified models of masonry walls to capture seismic responses. The Equivalent Frame Model (EFM) is one such simplified approach. The present work evaluates the performance of two-storey UR and R masonry walls subjected to In-plane seismic action through Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) and Fragility Analysis (FA). EFM has been employed in commercial FEM software SAP2000.v21 to evaluate the seismic response of these walls to the ensemble of near-field and far-field excitations. Finally, the work demonstrates the superiority of Containment Reinforced (CR) masonry against seismic action. © 2022

Fragility analysis of containment reinforced masonry wall using equivalent frame model

Globally, disposal of waste materials like fly ash (FA) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles has reached threatening levels, considering their dumping and natural degradation rate. Considering the PET bottle's cellular shape, they can be used as unique alternative to reinforce and improve the behavior of foundation beds under applied load conditions. Existing research have established that contributing elements such as infill material, properties of the interface, and surface loading geometries all have a direct impact on the behavior of the subgrade. In the current study, the behavior of a square plate footing loaded on rock quarry dust (RQD) overlaying FA subgrade as FA + RQD system for associated boundary conditions of test model has been investigated (bearing pressure was applied till footing penetration depth of 40 mm). Moreover, the system has been assessed for three different conditions, i.e., with, without, and varying cellular reinforcement. The numerical study using finite element analysis (Plaxis 3D) were validated using laboratory model results. FA was modelled as a linear elastic–plastic material with Mohr–Coulomb failure criteria, and PET bottles as cellular reinforcement which have been characterized as an elastoplastic material. Additionally, the validated models have been used to evaluate the performance of conventional high-density polyethylene geocell. The results showed a significant reduction in the settlement accumulation rate and greater resilient settlement for reinforced conditions in comparison to the unreinforced. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.