MIT-World Peace University (MIT-WPU) is a top educational institute located in Pune, India. It is recognized within&nbsp;UGC under Government of Maharashtra Act No. XXXV 2017.&nbsp;

It is part of the MIT group of institutions (established in 1983) which covers 10+ campuses across India and has more than 50,000+ students enrolled across various disciplines at a given point of time. The institute houses 15 schools ranging from Engineering &amp; Technology, Design, Pharmacy, Commerce, Governance among others. It offers undergraduate, postgraduate and PhD programs among different disciplines.&nbsp;

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MIT World Peace University

School of Mechanical Engineering

An experimental and CFD investigation is performed to evaluate laminar forced convective heat transfer and friction factor at various concentrations of Fe3O4 nanofluid (NF) in a plain tube with twisted tape (TT) inserts under different uniform electromagnetic flux density. In this paper, a novel compound heat transfer augmentation techniques are investigated. A very few studies are found in the literature with this combination of techniques. So, it is necessary to investigate the flow physics of nanofluid with twisted tape inserts under the effect of magnetic field. The twisted tapes used in the experiments are classical twisted tape having a twist ratio of 3.7. Investigations are carried out with the NF powder volume concentration of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15% and 0.2% of Fe3O4. The Reynolds number is varied from 900 to 1800 under constant heat flux of 2300 W/m2. The uniform electromagnetic field of 10, 20 and 30 Gauss is applied to the test section. It is observed that the performance of twisted tape with magnetic field and Fe3O4 NF is higher than twisted tape with distilled water at all the Re numbers. The heat transfer enhancement in terms of the Nusselt number values for 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15% and 0.2% of Fe3O4 NF at Re of 1800 along with TT inserts and magnetic field of 30 Gauss increased by 209%, 219%, 226% and 232%, respectively, over that of distilled water in plain tube. It can be seen that the heat transfer coefficient increases with an increase in percentage volume concentration of NF and magnetic field intensity for all the cases. But this causes the increase in friction factor due to addition of the NF and magnetic field intensity. So, the thermal performance factor (TPF) is evaluated to analyse the overall performance of heat transfer enhancement for each working condition. In case of 0.20% volume concentration of NF at Re = 1800 and magnetic field intensity of 30 G with TT inserts, the highest value of TPF observed is 2.56. From the experimental results, it is observed that for all the cases investigated, a high nanoparticle percentage volume concentration, high magnetic flux density and TT inserts provide higher thermo-hydraulic performance. It can be used in various applications of heat exchangers like automobile radiator cooling, data centre cooling, nuclear reactor cooling, etc. © 2021, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology.

World University root node

Engineering and Technology

Applied Nanoscience (Switzerland)

Investigation of heat transfer characteristics using Fe3O4 nanofluid along with TT inserts in tube with uniform electromagnetic field

The rapid growth of the electric vehicle industry necessitates more research into electric vehicle management systems, particularly in light of the present transition from internal combustion engines toward electric drivetrains. An electric vehicle's overall design and construction would be incomplete without a battery temperature control system. With battery thermal management systems in electric vehicles, the temperature of the batteries can be maintained at a reasonable threshold while simultaneously enhancing temperature uniformity. Adopting efficient cooling systems for electric vehicles is necessity to enhance battery safety, increase life of the battery, and minimize the detrimental effects of high surface temperatures on battery cell. For this reason, researchers have come up with several designs to cool the battery pack. This study aims to analyze the present status of BTMS technologies such as natural and forced air cooling, liquid (direct and indirect) cooling, and mini channel cooling in detail and provide opportunities for the further development of BTMS. The detailed analysis and comparison is done on both the individual components and the studied BTMS solutions, looking at both their benefits and limitations and the adaptation of these systems to various Li-ion battery forms. It has been observed that a forced air cooling system offers a variety of benefits, including easy integration, minimal maintenance requirements, and minimal costs; nevertheless, the system's cooling effectiveness is lower. The direct liquid cooled BTMS system, on the other hand, offers remarkable cooling performance. © 2022

Materials Today: Proceedings

Efficient ways of thermal management of an EV battery

International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology

Multiform weld joint flaws detection and classification by sagacious artificial neural network technique

Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies

Experimental Study and Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Material SS304/SS316 Using Rotary Friction Welding Technique

CFD analysis of base drag reduction using indent modification in suddenly expanded nozzle

The sudden impact during a collision of an automobile may cost the life of passengers. Several researchers are working to design materials and structures which can absorb impact-energy before passing it to the passengers. One such solution is the crash-box-structure which is placed primarily on the frontal side, in-between the bumper and main part of an automobile. The crash-box-structure's ability to absorb energy is influenced by its deformation-properties. Both, the crash-box-structure's shape and material will decide how it affects it's deformation. The impact of various geometries and materials on the crash-box's deformation characteristics is discussed in this article. Moreover, the use of fiber-reinforced composites in the crash-box is also discussed. The surface modification may affect the impact behavior, which is also discussed in this review. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series

A Review Thin-Wall-Tube Energy-Absorbing Structure : Crash-Box

- Nanocomposites of AZ31B with varying compositions of nano-hydroxyapatite and nano alumina were cast by the stir casting process. The primary goal of this research is to investigate and assess if it is feasible to fabricate magnesium metal matrix nano-composites (MMNCs) utilizing the stir casting process for biomedical applications. In this study AZ31B used as matrix and nano alumina (Al2O3) and nano hydroxyapatite (nHA) as a reinforcement. Due to its low weight as a structural metal and excellent strength-to-weight ratio, magnesium is commonly employed in engineering designs in addition to the development of composite materials. Mg alloys are widely used in biomedical due to their lower density. The Brinell hardness test was conducted to examine materials made by casting and forging processes that have a structure which is too coarse or rough for another test. It was observed that AZ31B-5nHa among the others has the highest hardness number. Compression tests were conducted to check the behavior of the MMNC under an applied load. AZ31B-0.5(Al2O3)-0.3nHa among the others has the highest compressive strength. It was observed that adding nHA reinforcement in AZ31B affects the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of a nanocomposite made of magnesium metal matrix, including compressive strength, hardness, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. This study aims to investigate the effects of reinforcement on a magnesium metal matrix nanocomposite's microstructure and mechanical properties. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

Investigation on mechanical properties of AZ31B magnesium alloy manufactured by stir casting process

In recent years, zinc, and its alloys, along with biodegradable metals made of Mg and Fe, have been projected as potential replacements for biodegradable metals due to their better corrosion rate and high biocompatibility in gastrointestinal, bone, and cardiovascular contexts. Clinical application of Zn-related biodegradable metals with a reasonable rate of membrane degradation and outstanding mechanical properties for guided bone regeneration membranes is very promising. Nevertheless, in order to properly control their biodegradation behavior, Zn-based biodegradable metals do require surface treatment. First off, certain Zn-based biodegradable metals that were implanted in a cardiovascular background showed signs of intimal activation and moderate inflammation. Second, Zn-based biodegradable metals for orthopaedic applications biodegrade at relatively moderate rates, resulting in long-term retention after completing their task. The development of next-generation orthopaedic implants made on Zn related biodegradable alloys or composites has the capacity to eliminate revision surgeries and biocompatibility problems. In the meantime, increased Zn2+ release during breakdown will result in delayed osseointegration and in vitro cytotoxicity. Surface modification Zn-based biomaterials can solve above problems. In this review, we first provide a summary of the available Zn-based alloy’s surface modification techniques for biomedical applications such as chemical conversion coatings, different types of chemical conversion coating, and organic coatings. Advantages and challenges of Zn-based biomaterials are also discussed at the last. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

BioNanoScience

Surface Modification of Biodegradable Zinc Alloy for Biomedical Applications

Additive manufacturing (AM) creates three-dimensional objects by depositing materials layer by layer. Selective laser melting (SLM) is one of the important AM processes used for metal. In SLM the fully melt metal transforms into a solid three-dimensional part. This process allows for faster, more complex, and less time-consuming manufacturing. The material INCONEL718 (IN718) is a nickel superalloy used due to its good weldability and can be processed using a variety of manufacturing technologies. More than 50 process parameters control the quality of SLM-manufactured components. The process parameters control the performance parameters. The anisotropic behavior is observed in the IN718. In this research, the superalloy IN718 was created by additive manufacturing (AM) using a selective laser melting approach, and the post-AM thermal treatments were evaluated. The effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties is observed using UTS and Hardness as performance and heat treatment’s impacts on microstructure, process-induced flaws, and microstructural behavior were investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The samples are simulated using the SIMUFACT ADDITIVE to calculate the yield stress. The microstructure and tensile characteristics of Inconel 718 superalloy were seen to be improved by ageing treatment. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature.

International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing

Investigation on mechanical behaviour of inconel 718 manufactured through additive manufacturing

Root canal treatment if analyzed mechanically found to be resembling with Injection molding but with high amount of precision. In order to ensure complete success of treatment/manufacturing process, material wastage should be as minimum as possible. In Root canal Treatment (RCT), Gutta-Percha (GP) is used as common filling material which is available in form of solid phase transforming cones which changes its morphology and topology on application of heat and force. Thus, it becomes an uttermost need to determine exact volume of phase changing material with respect to varied geometrical parameters associated with RCT, viz. Canal Curvature, and Canal Operating Length. In this article, author made an effort to develop a methodology to estimate/quantify mass of filler material, GP, and its corresponding specific volume inside the canal using known volume cylindrical canals and standard Endo training blocks having Class II curvatures. The proposed methodology will ensure definite relationship between geometry and material parameters to quantify the specific volume of GP. Thus, the result of this study will be beneficial for the experts from dental fraternity. Also, according to the current study the operational range of force and temperature during obturation can also differ from dentist to dentist. The outcome of presented study clearly indicates that 30% of the cylindrical cavities are under-filled wherein in Endo training blocks almost 100% canals are under-filled which may results due to high amount of process parameters and can lead to irreparable damage of canal. The existence of unfilled cavities at the coronal aperture is due to variances in clinical technique across specialists, as indicated by the obturated cylindrical cavities. © 2022