MIT-World Peace University (MIT-WPU) is a top educational institute located in Pune, India. It is recognized within&nbsp;UGC under Government of Maharashtra Act No. XXXV 2017.&nbsp;

It is part of the MIT group of institutions (established in 1983) which covers 10+ campuses across India and has more than 50,000+ students enrolled across various disciplines at a given point of time. The institute houses 15 schools ranging from Engineering &amp; Technology, Design, Pharmacy, Commerce, Governance among others. It offers undergraduate, postgraduate and PhD programs among different disciplines.&nbsp;

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MIT World Peace University

School of Pharmacy

The present work aimed at development of ranolazine loaded floating biomaterial gellan beads to enhance its site specific absorption. The beads obtained by ionotropic gelation method using sodium bicarbonate as gas-forming agent, calcium chloride and chitosan as a crosslinker were evaluated for physicochemical properties and in vitro performance. Yield and entrapment efficiency varied from 90 to 97% and 58 to 81% respectively. Surface topography revealed spherical microparticles with evenly distributed pores. Differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction pointed out amorphous nature of the drug. Effect of formulation variables on floating lag time and time required for 50% drug release was studied using Box-Behnken factorial design. The beads displayed good in vitro floatability in 0.1 N HCl with initial burst release followed by a controlled release up to 10 h whereas slow drug release was observed in phosphate buffer pH 6.8; probably due to decreased drug solubility and accelerated internal gelation through ionic crosslinking of gellan monomers. The beads, when studied in non-everted rat stomach and intestinal sac models, demonstrated twofold decrease in flux and apparent permeability coefficient as compared to pure ranolazine. Floating gellan beads proved advantageous for controlling the release and enhancing therapeutic activity of ranolazine.

World University root node

Pharmacy

Materials Technology

Development of ranolazine loaded floating biomaterial gellan beads using Box-Behnken factorial design

Objective: Aim of the present study is to evaluate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effect of methanolic extract of Citrullus lanatus seeds (MECL) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by a single dose of STZ (65 mg/kg) in citrate buffer, while the normal control group was given the vehicle only. After three days of induction of diabetes, the diabetic animals were treated further four weeks with MECL (200, 400 and 600 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (4 mg/kg). Blood glucose level was estimated every week of the study starting from d 1. At the end of study period, biochemical estimations of blood i.e. lipid profile was performed and animals were sacrificed to carry out liver glycogen estimations. Results: At the end of study period, i.e. 28 d, STZ-induced rats showed marked hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. Body weight was reduced and the blood sugar level was significantly elevated in diabetic rats. The four-week treatment with MECL in a concentration of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg significantly reversed the elevated levels of fasting blood glucose, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, liver glycogen, glycosylated haemoglobin with increase in body weight of diabetic rats. Conclusion: Thus the present study suggested the useful potential of Citrullus lanatus seed in diabetes due to its antidiabetic, hypoglycemic and antihyperlipidemic properties.

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of methanolic extract of Citrullus lanatus seeds in rats

Citrullus lanatus Thunb (Family: Cucurbitaceae) is a medicinal plant widely used traditionally in the treatment of various disorders in world. The phytochemical evaluation of plant showed presence of carbohydrate, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, glycoside, flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds. The plant also showed presence of vitamins, amino acids, proteins, minerals and fat. The plant has been extensively studied by various scientist and researchers for its pharmacological activities and therapeutic approaches such as antibacterial, antifungal, antimicrobial, antiulcer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective, analgesic, laxative, antigiardial, hepatoprotective, against prostetic hyperplasia and atherosclerosis. The present review is an effort to provide detailed information of its uses, chemical composition, pharmacological activities of extract and its isolated compounds and safety profile of Citrullus lanatus for further research.

Biolife

Phytochemical and Pharmacological profile of Citrullus lanatus (THUNB)

Isolation identification and characterization of the structures of degradation products is typically collaborative research involving knowledge of analytical and organic chemistry with spectroscopic information. Stability testing guidelines issued by International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) require the reporting, identification and characterization of degradation products. A simple, selective and reproducible stability-indicating liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of Diacerein. Developed method was used to evaluate the Diacerein in bulk drug and its degradation product. The drug was subjected to stress conditions of acid hydrolysis, alkali hydrolysis, oxidation, thermal and photo degradation according to ICH guidelines. The drug was found to degrade extensively in alkali. The drug and the degraded compounds were separated by isocratic reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. An isocratic separation was achieved using a thermosil C18 column (ODS-3, 250×4.6 mm, 5 $\mu$m) with a flow rate of 1 ml/min and using a UV detector set at 254 nm. The mobile phase consisted of Phosphate buffer (pH 3.6): acetonitrile (45:55 % v/v). Degradation products resulting from the stress studies did not interfere with the detection of diacerein. Structural elucidation of impurity was carried out by LC-MS, 1H NMR and IR spectroscopy. The isolated impurity was characterized as 5-acetoxy-4-hydroxy-9, 10-dioxo-9, 10-dihydroanthracene-2-carboxylic acid. An understanding of the different parts of the molecule that are susceptible to degradation can help in the designing of more stable analogs.

Pharmacophore

Isolation, identification and characterization of alkaline degradant of diacerein using LC-MS

The objective of this study was to develop modified release dosage forms of tramadol hydrochloride using wax matrix system by melt granulation method. The effect of various waxes, concentration of waxes, effect of excipients on the release profile of drug from wax matrix system was studied. Release retardant effect was observed in the order of hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) > compritol >precirol. This may be due to more lipophilicity imparted by HVO than any other waxy substances. It was also observed that as ratio of drug: Wax was increased, it sustained release of drug for more time. This may be due to proper embedment/entrapment of drug in sufficient wax matrix system. In case of excipients, release retardant effect was found in order of dicalcium phosphate (DCP) > microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) > lactose. DCP is insoluble which helps in release retardation of drug. MCC is hydrophilic swellable polymer which showed release of drug by swelling. Lactose is soluble excipient which get dissolved and formed channels for entry of dissolution medium and release of drug occurred by erosion mechanism. Wax matrix tablets were found to be stable.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutics

Development and evaluation of modified release wax matrix tablet dosage form for tramadol hydrochloride

Int. J. Pure App. Biosci

Diabetes mellitus: A review

A simple, accurate, precise, specific and highly sensitive spectrophotometric method developed for the determination of Fluindione in bulk drug.The optimum conditions for the analysis of the drug were established. The $\lambda$ max of the Fluindione was found to be 230nm in 10% methanol in 0.1N HCL. The method shows high sensitivity with linearity 1 to 5$\mu$g/ml. The regression of the curve was Y = 0.097x + 0.1277.The apparent molar absorptivity was found to be 4.79 × 104 mol-1 cm-1 in 10 % Methanol. The lower limit of detection and the limit of quantitation was found to be 0.09302$\mu$g/ml and 0.28186$\mu$g/ml respectively. All the calibration curves shows a linear relationship between the absorbance and concentration and correlation coefficient was 0.999.The proposed method will be suitable for the analysis of Fluindione in bulk form.

Der Pharmacia Lettre

Development and validation of UV spectrophotometric method for fluindione

A facile, green route method has been developed for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. A single step ecofriendly approach has been employed usinga natural polymer, okara juice (Abelmoschus esculentus) as a binding agent, along with mandelic acid as reducing agent. UV-visible absorption spectrum recorded for the solution has shown significant bands in the range of 200nm to 600nm.The morphology of silver nanoparticles was observed by FE-SEM and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The prepared silver nanoparticles showed unique anti-microbial activity against gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus.

Cellulose Chemistry and Technology

Facile green route synthesis of silver nanoparticles using natural polymer and their antibacterial activity

Objective: Studies have shown that a new combination therapy with artemisinin derivatives and curcumin is unique, with potential advantages over known Artemisinin Combination Therapy (ACT). The problems of poor solubility, stability and bioavailability of curcumin can be overcome by preparing curcumin metal complex. In present study curcumin-Zn complex was prepared and evaluated for antimalarial activity in combination with artemether. Methods: Curcumin Zn complex was prepared using zinc sulfate. The mice survival and % parasitemia were studied in Plasmodium berghei (P. berghei) infected albino mice treated with curcumin, curcumin-Zn complex and combination of curcumin-Zn with artemether. Results: The mean survival time in mice infected with P. berghei was compared after treatment with curcumin, curcumin-Zn, artemether and combination of curcumin-Zn-artemether. Oral administration of curcumin-Zn-artemether prolonged the survival of P. berghei infected mice. All the mice were treated with Curcumin-Zn (5 mg/day) artemether (1000 $\mu$g) survived for more than 40 d and recovered with no detectable parasitemia. Administration of curcumin-Zn artemether combination reduced the parasitemia in mice more effectively compared to that in mice treated with a single drug. Conclusion: In vivo antimalarial activity of curcumin-Zn complex was found superior to curcumin. A single dose of 1000 $\mu$g of artemether in combination with curcumin-Zn gives complete protection in P. berghei infected mice. Such suppressive action was superior to that of administration of the single drug at the same dose. This may reduce the chances of drug resistance.

Curcumin-Zn-artemether combination therapy for Plasmodium berghei infected mice

The rationale of this work is to develop new bioactive thermoresponsive polyblend nanofiber formulations for wound healing (topical). Various polymer compositions of thermoresponsive, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), egg albumen and poly($\epsilon$-caprolactone) blend solutions with and without a drug [gatifloxacin hydrochloride, Gati] were prepared. Non-woven nanofibers of various compositions were fabricated using an electrospinning technique. The morphology of the nanofibers was analyzed by an environmental scanning electron microscope. The morphology was influenced by the concentration of polymer, drug and polymer blend composition. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showed the shift in bands due to hydrogen ion interactions between polymers and drug. Thermogram of PNIPAM/PCL/EA with Gati recorded a shift in lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and glass transition temperature (Tg) of PNIPAM. Similarly Tg and melting temperature (Tm) of PCL were shifted. X-ray diffraction patterns recorded a decrease in the crystalline state of PCL nanofibers and transformed crystalline drug to an amorphous state. In vitro release study of nanofibers with Gati showed initial rapid release up to 10 h, followed by slow and controlled release for 696 h (29 days). Nanofiber mats with Gati exhibited antibacterial properties to Staphylococcus aureus, supported suitable controlled drug release with in vitro cell viability and in vivo wound healing.