MIT-World Peace University (MIT-WPU) is a top educational institute located in Pune, India. It is recognized within&nbsp;UGC under Government of Maharashtra Act No. XXXV 2017.&nbsp;

It is part of the MIT group of institutions (established in 1983) which covers 10+ campuses across India and has more than 50,000+ students enrolled across various disciplines at a given point of time. The institute houses 15 schools ranging from Engineering &amp; Technology, Design, Pharmacy, Commerce, Governance among others. It offers undergraduate, postgraduate and PhD programs among different disciplines.&nbsp;

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MIT World Peace University

School of Pharmacy

Nanotechnology opens up new possibilities for food innovation at an incredible rate, yet new technology needs evaluations of both potential negative impacts and numerous good effects. We aimed to cover some of the latest breakthroughs in nanotechnology and their application to food processing in this overview. Applications of nanoparticles in the food sector are growing rapidly. Nanoparticles (NPs) play a significant role in enhancing food quality by protection and preservation and are preferred over traditional preservatives. In this work on organic and inorganic nanoparticles in various forms such as single and multiple metal oxides, polymeric nanocomposite, nanocapsules, etc., as well as various methods of their preparations are discussed. Nanoparticles in food are currently most explored for their antimicrobial applications; factors affecting their antimicrobial potential, their antimicrobial mechanisms, and laboratory methods applied to evaluate antimicrobial potentials are also discussed. Various properties of NPs in relevance to antimicrobial activities and methods used for their characterization are also discussed. Antimicrobial NPs used for the purpose in various ways such as active packaging, mixed in food, incorporated in edible film and coating, etc. discussed. In the current state NPs used in the food industry, have various concerns such as safety, and regulatory policies relevant to preparing, processing, packaging, and consumption are discussed. NPs do possess some functional properties and harmful effects as well in this relevant future perspective of antimicrobial NPs in food and their other applications explored in current work. Various aspects of the most intensively studied NPs as an antimicrobial in food technology such as silver oxide, and zinc oxide, are discussed. © 2022

World University root node

Pharmacy

School of Chemical Engineering

Engineering and Technology

School of Civil Engineering

Materials Today: Proceedings

An overview of antimicrobial nanoparticles for food preservation

This paper describes the process of extracting ethanol from Jatropha curcas and its various blending effects on spark-ignited engine performance for environmental sustainability. Alternatives to conventional fuel sources have to be found because of the depletion of fossil fuels and stringent regulations. Every day, the growing population and improved transportation increase the energy demand. Bioethanol is an effective substitute for gasoline and SI engine diesel. Worldwide, passenger cars typically blend 10% bioethanol with gasoline. Some nations, like India, have stated plans to blend 20% bioethanol with gasoline starting shortly. From leftover jatropha deoiled cake (JDC), bioethanol was produced utilizing the fermentation and vacuum distillation methods. Four different blends were prepared on a volumetric basis at different engine speeds at a constant compression ratio of 10:1 and the wide-open throttle was tested for various performances and emissions. Bioethanol enrichments reduce CO and CO2 emissions but increase nitrogen oxide emissions. JDCE 15 was found to have the best engine performance out of all the fuel blends tested. This study suggests that, if NOx emission reduction measures are carried out, JDC can be used as a source for the manufacturing of second-generation bioethanol. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Investigation of bioethanol production from jatropha deoiled cake and its blending effects for environmental sustainability

Background: Recently, nano-drug delivery systems have become an integral part of the most novel drug delivery systems and have gained considerable importance owing to various ad-vantages such as carriers for poorly soluble drugs, targeting molecules at the desired site, protection from degradation etc. Objective: One of the most studied areas of nanotechnology is nanosponges. The objective of this review was to extensively summarize the various strategies for the preparation, characterization and applications of nanosponges. Methods: In the current review, we conducted a systemic search of the literature and patent inventions focusing on nanosponges. The summary of the search was inclusive of various aspects of nanospong-es, such as drug characteristics to be considered while incorporating in nanosponges, other crucial addi-tives during formulation of nanosponges, methods of preparation, characterization and applications of nanosponges in pharmaceuticals. Results: Nanosponges are nanocarriers for both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs. These are prepared by different methods such as emulsion-solvent evaporation, solvent method, melting method, ultrasound assisted method etc., and all these methods were less time consuming, more economical and evaluated by sophisticated techniques available for routine analysis. These are among the most feasible alternative to address several formulation difficulties associated with the physicochemical properties of the drug. The porous nature and small particle size are vital properties of the nanosponges that contribute crucially to correcting the drawbacks of the drug. The properties of the nanosponges can be enhanced when combined with cyclodextrins. Extensive research work has been carried out in past to explore cyclodextrin based nanosponges. Besides, it is also used for smart targeting of tumors and for drug release in a sustainable pattern. Nanosponges can be prepared by simple methods. These can be tuned to release the drug by different routes so as to achieve the maximum benefits of the drug. Conclusion: Huge amount of research has been carried out on nanosponges as drug carrier. The method of preparation and characterization of nanosponges are quite economical and routinely available. Owing to potential benefits and probable applications, these can be used as efficient carriers for certain drugs. The authors expect that the current review will guide the investigation of the nanosponges as nanodrug delivery systems. © 2023 Bentham Science Publishers.

Recent Patents on Nanotechnology

Nanosponges-Versatile Platform as Drug Carrier

Background Proparacaine hydrochloric ophthalmic solution (0.5%) is widely used as ophthalmic anesthetic for short conjunctival and corneal procedures. In connection to this, present research work was conducted to investigate ocular toxicity of its probable degradation products (DPs), which were generated after treating drug with stressors mentioned under International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guideline Q1A (R2). Result The probable DPs were generated by placing drug under various stress conditions to generate similarity of the effect of stressor which drug supposed to face during its life cycle. The hydrolytic stress condition under acidic, basic and neutral environment formed two major DPs, while the drug was stable and did not generate any DP when subjected to oxidative, dry heat and photolytic stress. The separation of DPs was carried out using high performance liquid chromatographic system. The structural identification of DPs was carried out by subjecting degradation samples to liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. These DPs were screened using in-silico ocular toxicity prediction models Pub-SVM to predict their potential to cause irritation/corrosion to eye. Conclusions The DPs identified were DP 1 (2-(diethyl amino) ethanol) and DP 2 (3-amino-4-propoxybenzoic acid). The in-silico ocular toxicity study predicted that DP 1 has potential of eye corrosion (EC) and eye irritation (EI), whereas DP 2 has a potential EI. The drug was found safe and devoid of any EC and EI potential. © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.

Journal of Chromatographic Science

Prediction of Ocular Toxicity of Potential Degradation Products of Proparacaine Hydrochloride Subjected under ICH Recommended Stress Conditions

The endocannabinoid system regulates the energy balance in the brain, as well as in the periphery. The endocannabinoid system also controls several physiological conditions. It is composed of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, which are the endogenic ligands for cannabinoid receptor type 1 and cannabinoid receptor type 2, respectively, and enzymes such as N-acyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine phospholipase D, mono- and diacyl glycerol lipase, and amide hydrolase. The endocannabinoid system participates in the production, degradation, and uptake of endocannabinoids. The endocannabinoid system is an endogenous neuroprotective system that controls emotion and cognition either through receptor-mediated or non-receptor-mediated mechanisms. Cannabinoid receptors type 1 or 2 are selectively targeted in the treatment of disorders related to Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, cognition, Huntington’s disease, psychosis, anxiety, depression, and aging. The present chapter attempts to give evidence for the contribution of the endocannabinoid signaling system in neurocognitive dysfunctions, treatment strategies, and preclinical and clinical representations. © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Neurochemical Systems and Signaling: from Molecules to Networks

Role of Endocannabinoids in Neurocognitive Dysfunctions

Romantic attraction is an emotional response toward a potential partner, with cognitive, affective, and motivational components. A series of events occur as a result of neurobiological consequences such as lust, attraction, and attachment due to the release of neurotransmitters. The phase of attraction is a result of the release of adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, phenylethylamine, serotonin, dopamine, testosterone, and nerve growth factor. The effects of these neurotransmitters are carried out by the release of oxytocin, along with vasopressin and endorphins. Occasionally, attraction may also result in mood swings and bipolar disorder, characterized by the augmented working of the norepinephrine, as well as the dopaminergic systems. The activity of phenylethylamine – a trace neurotransmitter – has also been recognized to be similar in action to that of amphetamine. This chapter emphasizes the neurobiological processes which coordinate the behavioral, cognitive, and emotional processes that shape romantic attraction in human beings. © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Neurobiology in Correlation with Romantic Attraction

Cancer is a key source of deaths and accounted for 19.3 million new cases and 0.01 billion deaths in 2020 worldwide. Cancer is a disease in which abnormal cells grow, spreading uncontrolled manner to other normal cells and body parts. If the spread is not controlled, it can result into death. Nanomedicine is a branch of nanotechnology with micro size (&lt;1 μm) modules, utilized to diagnose, observe, treat, and manage of biological system. They contain nanocarrier system with size and shape at nanoscale. This system contains nanoparticles, liposomes, nanofiber, nanoshells, micelles, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, etc. These nanomedicines are used for anticancer drug delivery as they can specifically target and treat tumor cells. The formulation structures of this system protect drug degradation and improve stability and efficiency. This review article will focus on introduction of cancer, in detail types of nanomaterials used in cancer treatment and future scope of nanomedicines. © 2023 Scrivener Publishing LLC.

Advances in Novel Formulations for Drug Delivery

Nanomedicine in Lung Cancer Therapy

Globally, 2.3 million women were diagnosed with breast cancer, with 6,85000 mortalities in year 2021; making it the world’s most prevalent cancer. This growing global burden necessitates a new treatment option, and plant-based medicines offers a promising alternative to conventional cancer treatment. In this work, screening of phytoconstituents of an indigenous therapeutic plant, Bauhinia variegata carried out for potential regulator of tumor suppressor protein p53. Here, an in-silico analysis was employed to develop more effective, pharmaceutically potent small drug-like compounds that target tumor suppressor protein p53. The methanol and aqueous powdered extracts of Bauhinia variegata were prepared and phytochemically evaluated along with antioxidant property evaluation. The LC50 of methanol (325.33 µg/ml) and aqueous extract (361.15 µg/ml) showed their cytotoxic characteristics. Further, GCMS analysis of both the extracts reveals total 57 secondary metabolites. Among these, four lead compounds; compound 1, compound 2, compound 3 and compound 4 were found to have the highest binding ability (-8.15 to −5.40 kcal/mol) with p53. MD simulation and binding free energy validates these findings with highest binding free energy (-67.09 ± 4.87 kcal/mol) towards p53 by the lead phytocompound 2. Selected compounds exhibit excellent pharmacokinetic features and drug-like characteristics. The acute toxicity (LD50) values of the lead phytocompounds ranges from 670 mg/kg to 3100 mg/kg, with toxicity classes of IV and V. As a result, these druggable phytochemicals could serve as potential lead applicants for triple negative breast cancer treatment. However, more in vitro and in vivo research is planned to produce future breast cancer medicine. HIGHLIGHTS Screening of phytoconstituents of an indigenous therapeutic plant, Bauhinia variegata, for potential regulator of tumor suppressor protein p53. The LC50 of methanol (325.33µg/ml) and aqueous extract (361.15µg/ml) showed their cytotoxic characteristics. GCMS analysis of both the extracts reveals total 57 secondary metabolites. Among these, four lead compounds were found to have the highest binding affinity (-8.153 to -5.401 kcal/mol) with tumor suppressor protein p53. MD simulation along with the Prime MM/GBSA binding free energy validates this discovery with highest binding free energy (-67.09 ± 4.87 kcal/mol) towards p53 by the lead compound 2. The acute toxicity (LD50) values of the lead phytocompounds ranges from 670 mg/kg to 3100 mg/kg, with toxicity classes of IV and V. As a result, these druggable phytochemicals could serve as potential lead applicants for triple negative breast cancer treatment. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics

Pharmacoinformatics approach for the screening of Kovidra (Bauhinia variegata) phytoconstituents against tumor suppressor protein in triple negative breast cancer

Objectives: Olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) and metoprolol succinate (MPS) in fixed-dose combination (FDC) tablet formulation prescribed extensively. Stability indicating (SI) method for impurities and related substance (RS) test quantitates the amount of these analytes in formulation; the manuscript presents SI/RS-ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array (UHPLC-PDA) method for OLM and MPS and their impurities. Materials and Methods: Well-resolved separation of all analytes was achieved with gradient elution on a Shimadzu on Shimpack GIST-C18 (100 mm x 2.1 mm, 2 µm) column maintained at 25°C. Mobile phase-A consist of 0.1% orthophosphoric acid in water and mobile phase-B was acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min, data integrated at 225 nm and 16 min of short runtime for satisfactory elution of all peaks. Results: The proposed SI/RS-UHPLC-PDA method was developed and validated as per International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) of Technical Requirements guidelines. The system suitability test complied by all eluted peaks of the interest with acceptable linearity, recovery, and precision. Specificity, robustness, and method sensitivity parameters were determined; all the parameters were found to be within the limits. All the impurities and stress-degraded peaks were well resolved. Conclusion: The proposed method was found to be simple, fast, linear, and accurate. Further, the method is precise, robust, and specific; suitable for routine IPQC during active pharmaceutical ingredient manufacturing, stability and impurity profiling studies of the titled bulk analytes. Furthermore, the method can be extended to assess the levels of impurities formed during life cycle of new FDCs of titled analytes. © 2023, Turkish Pharmacists Association. All rights reserved.

Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Development and Validation of SI/RS-UHPLC-PDA Method for Olmesartan Medoxomil and Metoprolol Succinate-Related Substance

Uncontrolled cell proliferation is a common definition of cancer. After lung carcinoma, breast neoplasm is the second-most prevalent kind of cancer. The majority of breast cancer cells and healthy breast cells both have receptors for circulating oestrogen and progesterone. In order to promote the development and division of cancer cells, oestrogen and progesterone bind to the receptors and may collaborate with growth factors (such as oncogenes and mutant tumour suppressor genes). As per the literature, Tecteria coadunata (Wall.) C. Chr. has anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. After the hydroalcoholic extraction of this rhizome, total of 200 phytochemicals were retrieved from HR-LCMS analysis. In this current study, Network pharmacology was carried out to explore the rationale of Tecteria coadunata (Wall.) C. Chr. by using different database using Cytoscape software. The network depicted the interaction of Bioactives with their targets and their association with several disease, especially breast cancer. Tecteria coadunata (Wall.) C. Chr. has offered new relationship with variety of genes and its applications in different types of breast cancers. Further Gene Ontology was carried out and it showed key targets were TP53, BRCA2, PGR and CHEK 2. Further Signalling pathways were also enriched. Flex-X software was used for molecular docking studies, and it verified that Dopaxanthin, Dantrolene and Orotidin shows the highest binding affinities with key targets. Additionally, Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that all top three lead compounds which follows the Lipinski Rule (Rule of three) without interrupting the conditions of bioavailability with minimal toxicity. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group.