MIT-World Peace University (MIT-WPU) is a top educational institute located in Pune, India. It is recognized within&nbsp;UGC under Government of Maharashtra Act No. XXXV 2017.&nbsp;

It is part of the MIT group of institutions (established in 1983) which covers 10+ campuses across India and has more than 50,000+ students enrolled across various disciplines at a given point of time. The institute houses 15 schools ranging from Engineering &amp; Technology, Design, Pharmacy, Commerce, Governance among others. It offers undergraduate, postgraduate and PhD programs among different disciplines.&nbsp;

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MIT World Peace University

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Engineering and Technology

International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology 29 (No. 7, (2020 {\ldots}

Flame Propagation Analysis of Laser Induced Combustion of CH4-Air Mixture in a CVCC

In this present works, a generalized approach for the two-phase flow analysis of a natural circulation in hybrid boiler. The model uses the combination of node and loop equations and the Newton Raphson technique for the solution of the set of equations. Loop equations have been developed for each evaporator tube with the unique driving force and pressure drop of the concerned loop. Node equations are mainly developed for common risers and downcomers. A unique connectivity matrix has been used to correlate each branch flow with loop and node equations. The model is validated by a unique indirect method by comparing the actual water level and calculated water level. Experiments have been performed with uniform diameter of tubes in 53 channels circulating loop to find the volume of steam. The model shows good agreement with experimental investigations with a maximum of 3.57% absolute error. The model can be used for the design, analysis, and optimization of the natural circulation network. © 2020 International Information and Engineering Technology Association. All rights reserved.

International Journal of Heat and Technology

Steady state two-phase flow analysis of natural circulation in hybrid boiler

The materials used for biomedical applications include metal and their alloys, polymers, and ceramics. Of these, titanium (Ti) and titanium alloys are widely used as implant materials owing to its superior corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength. Although titanium has several advantages, being biologically inert, it cannot osseointegrate with the human cells. Thus, the surface of the titanium implant has a very important role, as it determines the rate of osseointegration and the success of the implant. The main objective of this review is to offer a thorough and detailed description of the most promising techniques used for the surface modification of titanium dental implants. A systematic classification of these methods is provided, followed by their advantages. Mechanical methods like acid etching and grit blasting, hydrogen peroxide treatment, acidic treatment, nitride coatings, hydroxyapatite coatings, metal oxide coatings and silver coatings have been analyzed and selected for this review. These methods have been experimentally proven to enhance the osseointegration rate, improving the biocompatibility and stability as well as the antibacterial properties of the implants. Thus, the surface modification of the titanium implant surface significantly improves the properties of the implant. However, further research is necessary to study the implant surface and the human cell interface in more detail and develop new surface modification techniques to manufacture implants with superior properties. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Fulltext

Materials Today: Proceedings

Surface modification techniques of titanium and titanium alloys for biomedical dental applications: A review

The dental implant success depends on various factors but one of the essential factors is the complete osseointegration between the bone and the implant. Incomplete or weak osseointegration may cause the implant to be mobile (micro-mobility) due to peri-implant bone loss or it may get lost. A peri-implant bone loss of greater than 1mm in the first year and greater than 0.2mm a year after is a failure of the dental implant. The main aim of this article is to review the various factors which predominantly affect bone loss in dental implants followed by the extent to which they contribute towards success rate of implantation. These factors have been experimentally proven to affect the rate of osseointegration and the stress distribution at the bone-implant interface. Based on available literature, it was found that the following factors were mainly responsible for bone loss: Mechanical overloading, implant- abutment connection design, implant geometry, implant position, bone density, surface finish material of the implant, and micro gap. Since bone loss is the result of various combinations of factors further research utilizing proper control of factors is necessary to draw more clear conclusions. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd.

A review article on factors affecting bone loss in dental implants

The Forming limit diagram is an important tool in metal forming processes, as it indicates the failure limits for ductile damage and onsite necking. Forming of micro-thin metal sheets (thickness less than 100 microns) is more difficult and requires more precision. This type of miniaturisation in forming process with the components produced with dimensions up to few millimetres is defined as a micro-forming. There are many differences in the properties of materials and physics of process when macro process is converted to micro. In this work, an experimental test of thin alpha brass sheets of 40 µm and 90 µm with different orientations to rolling directions (0\textordmasculine, 45\textordmasculine, 90\textordmasculine) was performed to determine the forming limit curves. Hemispherical punching test designed for micro forming is performed according to ASTM-2218-14 standard test using sample of Uni-Axial, Intermediate Uni-Axial, Bi-Axial, Intermediate Bi-Axial and Plane Strain paths to obtain limit strains. Explicit dynamic numerical analysis with Abaqus platform is used to model micro-forming process and forming limit curves are plotted. Numerical results have been validated with experimental results.

Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies

Experimental and numerical investigations on forming limit curves in micro forming

The aim of the current study is to examine numerically the stress intensity along bone-implant interface for selected implant systems under occlusal load using finite element analysis (FEA) and confirming the result experimentally by optical technique. To see the biomechanical performance at bone-implant interface the five types of implant systems are chosen for the current study. A three-dimensional (3D) computer aided design (CAD) is prepared using CreO Parametric modeling software. A non-linear contact between implant and surrounding bone is defined to analyze the stress intensity in the cancellous bone under the applied load of 100 N axial directions, 40 N laterals (Bucco-lingual) direction and 100 N oblique at 45 degree to the longitudinal axis of implant. An experimental photoelastic technique (Optical technique) is used to predict the stress intensity in a cancellous bone near the bone-implant interface using Tardy's method of compensation. A homogeneous blend of Araldite and hardener material is used to prepare a photoelastic block model. The maximum value of stress intensity is noted in Type-I implant system at apical part of implant whereas minimum value was noted in Type-III implant system under lateral and oblique loads. Stress intensity in cancellous bone at the bone interface is found to be more significant to the applied oblique load. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Numerical investigation on stress intensity around Bone-Implant interface by 3-Dimensional FEA and experimental verification by optical technique

The dental implants used by dentists during implantation should be appropriately inserted into the patient jawbone to improve the success rate of implantation. Therefore, insertion torque plays a vital role in the implantation procedure. Most of the times, dentists use the prescribed insertion torque values that are generalised, not patient specific. If incorrect torque values are applied, it affects the primary stability, osseointegration and hence reduces the success rate of implantation. This review article focuses on detailed information about the several factors that affect the insertion torque values. The various parameters such as implant geometry, surgical procedure, and the patient's bone quality need to be considered to avoid implant failure. A detailed understanding of various parameters helps to establish the importance of the insertion torque value during dental protocol. By understanding the insertion torque values, it would help the dentist to decide on a more specific insertion torque value, instead of using a general torque value. This can help in reducing the number of implant failures. However, further research is necessary which combines these parameters to get right torque values to the right patient. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd.

An effect of various parameters on insertion torque to improve the success rate of dental implantation: A review

Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are mostly utilized for orthopedic and dental applications on account of its excellent <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/corrosion-resistance">corrosion resistance</a>, good formability, excellent fatigue strength and lower <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/elastic-moduli">modulus of elasticity</a>. As Ti is bioinert, it’s not satisfactory for long-term clinical applications and can't attach to living bone straightforwardly at the beginning phase after implantation into a human body. With an end goal to improve implant-cell connection, many surface alterations techniques have been examined in the recent past to quicken osseointegration process and upgrade <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/surface-topography">surface topography</a> with the tissue of host. Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process likewise called micro-arc oxidation (MAO) can be utilized successfully for surface alteration of Ti and its alloys. PEO is an electrochemical surface modification technique to create defensive <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/oxide-coating">oxide coatings</a> on light metal, for example, titanium, aluminum and magnesium. PEO is a basic, single-step surface modification strategy used to create coatings on Ti and its alloys for orthopedic and dental applications. Desired coating properties can be obtained by changing process parameters of PEO process, for example, electrolyte composition, frequency, processing time, duty cycle and applied voltage. Electrolyte concentrations is a significant factor to impact growth mechanism of coating. It has been observed that, porosity decreases as the PEO current density increases due to the higher rate of ionic current and sealing effect on the micro size pores. It was seen that for better wear resistance, temperature during coating should be kept at lower values. It was likewise seen that the safest coating to erosion was acquired in the oxidized <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/titanium-alloys">titanium alloy</a> specimen deposited at 500 Hz with 30% duty cycle by PEO. This review article is focusing on surface modification of Ti and its alloy by plasma electrolytic <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/oxidation-reaction">oxidation process</a> and process parameters effects on substrate characteristics.

Surface modification of titanium and titanium alloy by plasma electrolytic oxidation process for biomedical applications: A review

AWJM is broadly utilized in different modern applications, for example, slicing hard-to-cut materials, boring and pocket processing in composite parts, cutting different materials in textile and leather enterprises and so on. This innovation is valuable for mechanical applications since it has focal points, for example, less touchy to material properties, no babble, no warm impacts, negligible weights on the work piece and high machining versatility and adaptability, additionally, AWJM produces surfaces of worthy completion and high integrity. Cutting and machining rate of AWJM is higher than ordinary machining forms [1]. In AWJM process, (Figure 1) the undesirable material of workpiece is evacuated by the consolidated activity of rapid water and abrasive particles. The rapid flow of water moves the motor vitality to the abrasive particles and the blend (water and abrasives) encroaches on the workpiece material. The exhibition of AWJM procedure is subject to the disintegration of material by the pressurized water-abrasive blend and mechanical properties of workpiece material alongside different procedure parameters [2]

International Journal for Research in Engineering Application & Management (IJREAM)

Experimental investigation, optimization and modeling of carbon fibre graphite/epoxy laminates with the help of abrasive water jet machine

The suspension systems currently in use can be classified as passive, semi-active and active. The passive suspension systems are the most commonly used due to their low price and high reliability. However, this system cannot assure the desired performance from a modern suspension system. An important improvement of the suspension performance is achieved by the active systems. Nevertheless, they are only used in a very reduced number of automobile models because they are expensive and complex. Another disadvantage of active systems is the relatively high energy consumption. The use of noise cancellation technique reduces the complexity and cost of the active suspension system. In this paper, a mathematical model of active suspension system is proposed using noise cancellation technique.